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Geotechnical stability assessment of the Mount Morgan fireclay caverns
This paper describes a qualitative geotechnical risk assessment of the stability of the Fireclay Caverns at the Mount Morgan Mine, located about 25 km south west of Rockhampton and comments on methods to manage and reduce geotechnical risk related to the caverns and nearby associated excavations.
Due to the discovery of dinosaur footprints in the roof of the caverns, the Department of Natural Resources and Mines (NR&M) propose developing tourism in the area by expanding visits to the caverns. Currently approximately 7,000 tourists visit the caverns per year.
The aim of the risk assessment was to assess the geotechnical stability of the fireclay caverns for the installation of boardwalks and staircases to provide access for tourism and as a guide to the interpretation, planning and long term management of the site to view dinosaur footprints expressed as impressions in the cavern roofs.
It was recognised that near the dinosaur footprints, subject to the stability hazard, the support of roof and walls using rock bolts or shotcrete would be regarded as a last resort.
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Use Of Geofabric In Ballina Bypass Construction
This paper presents the use of geofabric in the construction of a 14 m high embankment on soft ground at Cumbalum Flood Plain Bridge (CFPB) for the Ballina Bypass Alliance (BBA) project. The geofabric was used to improve the embankment stabilisation. In this paper the performance of the geofabric has been assessed using limit equilibrium and finite element methods. Limit equilibrium methods are found to provide similar factors of safety to finite element methods at the ultimate stability state. Finite element methods show that large embankment deformations are required to mobilise the ultimate capacity of the geofabric.
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A simple method of estimating far field movements associated with longwall mining
Traditional methods of predicting surface subsidence movements above areas of total extraction, in near horizontal coal seams, are based on work by the British National Coal Board. The methods predict vertical settlements of less than 20 mm beyond an ‘angle of draw’, which is typically about 25 to 30 degrees from the vertical, measured from the edges of an extraction area. The methods also predict insignificant lateral movements outside this draw angle. This traditional approach is satisfactory in geological environments where the natural horizontal stresses are less than, or about equal to overburden pressure. However, in areas such as the Southern Coalfields of the Sydney Basin, where horizontal stresses are much higher than overburden pressure, significant lateral movements at the ground surface occur well outside the traditional subsidence zone. These movements were first noted at the Cataract Dam some 30 years ago but, at that time, were dismissed by much of the profession as aberrations. Subsequently, more field data showed movements several kilometres away from groups of longwall panels and these became accepted as real and were termed ‘far field displacements’. Collation of many such measurements provided some empirical guidelines for the probable magnitudes of lateral movements, but with no idea of how they may be expected to vary in compass direction from a new longwall, or how they may be affected by successive longwalls.
This paper provides details of a simple method developed since 2009 in conjunction with mining at the Appin Colliery beneath the Hume Highway and within distances of important bridges that could be affected by far field movements. Comparison with field measurements, that followed predictions made using this method, have given confidence that the method is a useful design tool.
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Probabilities of Failure & Factors of Safety in Geotechnical Engineering
Professor D.V. Griffiths, Colorado School of Mines USA
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Critical State Soil Mechanics
125 years of developments (a story of many dam failures)
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Coastal cliff line stability and regression in the Newcastle Region
The Hunter Coalfield has been the fastest growing area of coal production in NSW over the past decade with the greatest expansion in mining operations, particularly open cut, occurring in the Singleton-Muswellbrook area. An increase in size and depth of open cut mines combined with stringent safety regulations and the need to maximize coal recovery has resulted in increased geotechnical awareness in most coal mines. This paper provides a general overview of geotechnical issues associated with open cut operations in the Hunter Coalfield and highlights the benefits of prediction, management and (ideally) prevention of slope instability.
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The Basic Theories of Soil Mechanics
Professor John Atkinson
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AGS Debate 2019
Debate topic: Current Quality Assurance systems adopted by major projects with multiple levels of reviews and verifications are counterproductive and do not encourage innovation and optimisation.
Chris Harrison, David Oliveira, Frances Badelow and Rob Day
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Laboratory Testing in Geotechnical Engineering
Prof. Barry Lehane, Prof. Andy Fourie and Asst/Prof. James Doherty
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Slope assessment in the digital age – a case history
Developments in digital technology and software have revolutionised our modern world, turning well established industries on their heads and creating entirely new ones. Finding new ways to apply this technology in the field of geotechnical engineering may realise novel methods and efficiencies in our day to day work. The use of mobile applications and tablets has aided greatly in the visual assessment of more than 4500 slopes along major routes in South Africa. The Aurecon Field Force App facilitated the recording of information in the field by multiple teams, the review of that information from the office, progress tracking, filtering and sorting of data as well as the automatic generation of individual reports. Other digital techniques and ideas such virtual and augmented reality, laser scanning and computer gaming are also explored. This paper presents the procedures utilised in this project, from the collection of data, to the production of an assessment report, and presents some of the lessons learnt.