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Spatial variability of pile founding layers: a case study
This paper explores the design and construction of a single span road bridge, highlighting the impact of geotechnical spatial variability on deep foundation projects. Due to various project constraints, the geotechnical boreholes used for initial design were located a considerable distance from the proposed bridge abutments. As the project progressed, and further geotechnical investigations were carried out, it was observed that the proposed pile founding layer showed signs of spatial variability in both thickness and strength. To address potential risks, the design was revised to extend the piles into a deeper layer of very dense sand, and proof bores were planned at the abutment locations to verify ground conditions before construction. This study incorporates 3D geological modelling, adopting the previous investigations and the latest proof bore data and provides a clearer representation of the variable properties of the pile founding layer, supporting the pre-construction design changes. The findings underscore the critical nature of geotechnical spatial variability and the need for strategic placement of investigative efforts. The paper also details observation and monitoring activities undertaken during construction to ensure that design intent and local government compliance criteria are met, and steps taken to manage potential risks during pile excavation in dense sands below the groundwater table, which are envisioned to be useful for deep foundation projects under similar conditions.
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Preface to the proceedings of 2009 Sydney Chapter Symposium
This document contains the papers for the 13th annual symposium organised by the Sydney Chapter of the Australian Geomechanics Society. It is hoped the symposium will keep practising geotechnical engineers, engineering geologists and other engineering professionals informed of recent developments in this field. It also recognises the need to gather together the experience of those practising throughout Australia and to allow transfer of knowledge and sharing of their experiences.
These symposia continue to be one of the best forums for bringing together the key stakeholders of the Australian geotechnical community. The objectives of the symposium held in Sydney on 21 October 2009 have been to advance the knowledge of geosynthetics in engineering.
The symposium includes a number of themes including innovations, testing and modelling, case histories drainage applications and construction. Contributors include academics, designers, suppliers and contractors. The papers present geosynthetics project challenges and solutions from throughout Australia and overseas.
This symposium is the cooperative effort of many authors. The Editors and organising committee wish to thank the authors, who have so generously contributed their time to prepare the various papers, and the employers of the authors, who have assisted with time, secretarial, drafting and photocopying facilities. Appreciation is also extended to our sponsors for their support. Without them, the AGS Symposium would not be one of the best ongoing forums for the Australian geomechanics community.
Henk Buys, Brook Ewers, Hana Liu
On behalf of the Australian Geomechanics Society, Sydney Chapter and Sydney Chapter Symposium Organising Committee
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Identifying Unfavourable Discontinuity Sets From UAV Point Cloud Data for Rock Slope Engineering
In assessing the slope stability of blocky rock masses, it is essential to identify discontinuities, their location dependent characteristics, and the kinematic failure modes they cause. As remote sensing technology has improved, advances have been made in using new forms of data for undertaking slope stability analysis. This research details the use of data obtained from UAV tilt photogrammetry, focusing on the extraction of 3D rock mass structure directly from a point cloud. A carbonate outcrop near Kaili in Southern China was studied, with a sub-vertical exposed face of approximately 70,000 m2 in area. 3D rock mass structure was extracted directly from the point cloud to allow discontinuity sets to be defined and characterised in terms of orientation, spacing, persistence and roughness using the program CloudCompare. Kinematic analyses were undertaken considering these parameters in order to determine potential mechanisms of failure.
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Sensitivities Of Braced Deep Excavations To Jet Grout Pile Applications
In poor ground, jet grout pile (JGP) slabs may be used as preinstalled struts in deep excavations, to bring significant benefits to the earth-retention system. Based on the author’s experience, top-down construction projects may require JGP slab usage to enable serviceability design criteria to be met at all construction stages, and to reduce base heave, ground settlement and soil loads on retaining walls during construction. This paper discusses parametric finite element sensitivity studies performed to predict qualitatively the performance of JGP slabs in reducing retaining wall loads, deflections, and associated ground movements.
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AGS VIC 2018 Symposium
Geotechnics and Transport Infrastructure
Dr David Oliveira, Dr George Kouretzis and David Mangan
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Transportable house failure in collapsing soils at Port Broughton, South Australia
In May 2000, a transportable house, which was being relocated to Port Broughton, South Australia, collapsed without warning. The practice generally adopted to erect such houses involves the use of mechanical jacks. Prior to the collapse, six jacks were supporting the house, which was raised approximately 1.5 m above the ground. While precast concrete footings and tie-downs were being installed the house fell from its jacks. Of the six people on-site at the time, four were beneath the house, two of whom died as a consequence. This paper outlines a forensic engineering investigation undertaken by the author to determine the cause of the collapse and focuses on the geotechnical aspects of the accident. It is demonstrated that the procedure commonly used to erect transportable houses is inherently unsafe, especially when the ground profile incorporates collapsible soils.
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D.H. Trollope Medal 2010 β Solutions for Oil and Gas Extraction from Shallow to Deep Water Resources
Dr Muhammad Shazzad Hossain