Application of stress wave theory to provide novel insights into the dynamic cone penetration test

The Dynamic Cone Penetration (DCP) test is a relatively simple, cost-effective, and widely adopted penetration test that provides readily interpretable results. It is routinely used from preliminary site investigations through to construction verification. In this study, stress wave theory commonly applied to pile driveability studies and the dynamic testing of piled foundations, is used to provide novel insights into various factors affecting DCP test results. The stress wave delivered to the DCP rods following the hammer impact is modelled, and the stresses that develop in the testing apparatus and the DCP’s interaction with the surrounding ground are studied. In examining these aspects, an alternative method for correlating DCP test results to ground strength has been derived, the influence of ground squeezing on the DCP rods examined, and more novel items such as the fatigue life of the DCP apparatus investigated. These insights improve understanding of the uncertainty associated with DCP correlations based on a range of static and dynamic properties, provide a means to isolate DCP rod friction from DCP test results, as well as provide recommendations on maintenance intervals for the DCP apparatus.