Sinkhole threats management in urban developments

Subsidence and sinkholes in urban areas pose catastrophic consequences if not detected and addressed effectively. Such phenomena have been observed in recent new urban developments in Madrid (Spain), highlighting the urgency of soil treatment to mitigate these risks. Upon discovering significant underground voids, traffic was halted until viable solutions could be identified. Preliminary studies utilizing microgravimetry, ground-penetrating radar, and boreholes revealed the presence of large cavities due to karstification. Subsequent research proposed testing plans, inspection programs, and intervention methods to repair existing sinkholes and prevent future occurrences. Throughout this article, the most suitable investigations for such terrains are explained, following a detailed study in a test area that has served as the basis for establishing a methodology for future work. This research underscores the critical need for proactive measures, emphasizing the necessity of soil treatments within urbanized areas to efficiently address situations and mitigate the potentially catastrophic impacts of subsidence and sinkholes while fostering a sense of security and stability within the community.