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Risk Assessment And Earthworks Management Procedures For Controlled Infilling Of A Disused Quarry Pit
The Eastwood Brickworks is a former shale quarry that operated through most of last century to provide brick making materials that were manufactured on site into bricks. To enable the site to be redeveloped for residential purposes, engineered fill is being placed in the pit that is up to 30 m deep in places. In some parts of the quarry the pit walls were within metres of adjacent residential properties and public roads.
Approximately 1 million cubic metres of fill is required to reach design bulk filling level. Before the start of infilling, extensive sections of the pit walls were near vertical and with some sections undercut by the quarrying activities. A substantial landslide in the high wall of the quarry was a major geotechnical feature that had the potential to remobilise and regress during pit infilling. To enable engineered fill to be placed up to the pit walls, the landslide had to be remediated and the pit walls treated.
This paper discusses the pit wall stability risk assessments and earthworks management practices that have been carried out throughout the project. Detailed geological mapping and geotechnical assessment was carried out at the design stage to assess the risk of instability. Stabilisation measures, monitoring and earthworks methods were developed to manage the risk to workers from slope instability during the filling works that have been underway for over four years. The existing landslide was remediated by earthworks, installation of anchors, drains and batter mesh. Controlled filling up to the pit walls was achieved by a combination of earthworks methods including use of remotely controlled compaction plant, exclusion zones, method specifications for acceptance of fill within exclusion zones and stabilisation measures including scaling and batter mesh.
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Use Of A Rock Filled Tyre Wall To Provide Passive Support To A Large Bridge Abutment
This paper describes the geotechnical assessments undertaken to demonstrate the global stability of an alternative abutment solution, implemented to accommodate construction of a large railway bridge for a corridor widening project.
Excavation for a crane and piling platform to facilitate installation of pier foundations and erection of the bridge superstructure resulted in the reduction of passive earth in front of piles supporting a stem wall that would eventually retain abutment fill. The construction program required backfilling of the abutment concurrent with the construction of the adjacent central pier, resulting in the implementation of a rock-filled tyre wall to restore passive support. The tyre wall, however, was closer to the abutment and significantly truncated the theoretical passive failure wedge. Geotechnical assessment of global stability was undertaken by staged analysis with finite element software. The new configuration was demonstrated to be structurally sound and geotechnically stable in both the temporary and permanent condition. This permitted the final access track to be relocated to a position that provided further economy in construction. The analytical model was also used to determine structural design actions in response to observations of wall movement during the backfilling process.
It can be noted that certain details, including project name and location, have been omitted from this paper to respect the confidentiality of affiliated parties.
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Landslide risk management in National Parks: some case histories
Geotechnical hazards which pose risks to both property and the public, one of which is landsliding, often owing to mountainous and rugged terrain, are common within National Park areas. The Illawarra Escarpment State Conservation Area, managed by the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) contains a coastal escarpment with a well documented history of landsliding. The escarpment stretches from Stanwell Park in the north to near Kiama in the south. Case histories of a landslide at Mt Keira and of rockfall hazards above the Sublime Point Walking Track, presented herein, have been assessed employing the methods within AGS (2000) and AGS (2007). Both case histories provide an insight into the assessment of landslide risk to NPWS infrastructure and the public together with the measures taken to manage such risks.
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Design of cantilever retaining walls for minimum tilting tendency
Ian Hooley and Dr Safat Al-Deen
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14th Glossop Medal Lecture Tour – Melbourne
Professor Jim Griffiths
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Feet on the Ground: Engineering Geology, Past Present and Future
14th Glossop Medal Lecture Tour - Adelaide
ProfessorΒ Jim Griffiths