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Shrink-swell index from classification tests – Townsville data
Limited shrink-swell index and corresponding classification test data for Townsville in North Queensland are presented. Rather than attempting to develop best-fit correlations that are accompanied by such scatter as to render the correlations impractical, near-upper bound relationships are developed. The possible relevance of these relationships to other Australian conditions is considered by way of limited comparison with other published data, and some comments are made on the process of assessing shrinkage index for Site Classification. No attempt is made to develop a statistically rigorous approach, but to suggest some preliminary (and hopefully – intuitively reasonable) directions.
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Developments in Transportation Geotechnics
Various Speakers
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Seismic strain wedge model for analysis of single piles under lateral seismic loading
One of the most effective methods of analysing a single pile and pile groups under lateral loading is Strain Wedge Model (SWM). SWM has a number of advantages in comparison with traditional p-y curves, but this model could traditionally only be used to analyse piles under monotonic loads. In the present paper, SWM has been modified to consider dynamic lateral loading. Based on this new method, called Seismic Strain Wedge Model (SSWM), a computer code has been developed for lateral analysis of piles. Using this computer code, some case studies have been analysed and the results show good agreement with test data. This paper introduces SSWM as a simple and powerful solution to analyse piles under lateral seismic loading.
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Finite difference modelling of soil-structure interaction for seismic design of moment resisting building frames
The importance of Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) both for static and dynamic loads has been well established and the related literature spans at least 30 years of computational and analytical approaches for solving soilβstructure interaction problems. Since the 1990s, great effort has been made to substitute the classical methods of design by new ones based on the concept of performance-based seismic design. Also, the necessity of estimating the vulnerability of existing structures and assessing reliable methods for their retrofit have greatly attracted the attention of engineering communities in most seismic zones throughout the world. In the present study, in order to draw a clear picture of soil characteristics effects on seismic response of moment resisting building frames, a ten storey moment resisting building frame, resting on shallow foundation, is selected in conjunction with three soil types with shear wave velocities less than 600m/s, representing soil classes Ce, De and Ee, according to Australian Standard AS 1170.4. The structure is modelled considering the three mentioned types of the soil deposits employing Finite Difference approach using FLAC 2D software. Fully nonlinear dynamic analyses under influence of different earthquake records are conducted, and the results of the different cases are compared and discussed. The results indicate that as shear wave velocity and shear modulus of the subsoil decrease, interstorey drifts and subsequently the necessity of considering SSI effects in seismic design of moment resisting building frames increase. In general, by decreasing the subsoil stiffness, the effects of soil-structure interaction become more dominant and detrimental to the seismic behaviour of moment resisting building frames. These effects substantially alter performance level of the building model resting on soil classes De and Ee from life safe to near collapse. Consequently, structural safety for the mentioned building frames could not be ensured by employing the conventional design procedure excluding SSI.
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A review on impact oriented ground improvement techniques
Nowadays various ground improvement techniques by impact are widely practiced as technical and economical solutions however each technique has its own use and range of application. It has come to the attention of the authors that the name of one of the techniques; i.e. Dynamic Compaction is being used generically in lieu of the proper names of the other methods. This article will review Dynamic Compaction and shall compare it with two other impact techniques; i.e. Rapid Impact Compaction and Impact Roller Compaction. As a conclusion the readers are advised to use the correct terminology to avoid misunderstanding and confusion in projects and results.
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Laboratory Testing in Geotechnical Engineering
Prof. Barry Lehane, Prof. Andy Fourie and Asst/Prof. James Doherty
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Geotechnical aspects of a drainage culvert
This paper describes the geotechnical aspects of the design and construction of a transverse drainage culvert constructed in Goodna to help alleviate flood backwash. Goodna was one of the worst hit areas in the Queensland floods of January 2011. The culvert involved the construction of three pit structures, pipe jacking between these pits and towards the Brisbane River, and slope stabilisation works at the outlet. The design and construction issues associated with the deep excavations, pipe jacking, pile installation, anchor installation and testing and revetment have been discussed.