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AGS Perth Symposium 2024
Optimizing the Project Life Cycle: The Role of Geotechnical Professionals
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AS3798 β 2007 Guidelines On Earthworks For Commercial And Residential Developments β Recent Revision
The paper presents an outline of the recent revisions to AS 3798 β Guidelines on earthworks for commercial and residential developments.
AS 3798 β Guidelines on earthworks for commercial and residential developments β was first released in 1990. This was followed by a “roadshow” wherein Standards Australia sponsored an afternoon of presentations in most capital cities; these were well attended and, partly, led to the early adoption of the standard by many practising civil engineers. The Standard was revised in 1996 to account for many changes in AS 1289 β Method of testing soils for engineering purposes. More recently the third edition was released in February 2007. It is the authors’ opinion that the Standard has been a useful document and aged well, both revisions introduced only minor changes. This paper provides a commentary on the changes introduced in the latest revision of AS 3798.
Unfortunately, most professional’s contact with the Standard appears limited to Table 5.1 β Minimum relative compaction β with the advanced professional referring to Table 8.1 β Frequency of testing β in their black periods. This is a shame as these two tables, while important, are only a minor part of the Standard. It is hoped that this paper will make a wider group of professionals conversant with more of the Standard.
The authors are respectively a member and the chairman of the Standards Australia committee responsible for drafting the Standard and have been so since the committee was form in the 1980s.
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Design Of Pile Foundation For An Integral Bridge In Soft Ground On Hunter Expressway
The Hunter Expressway will provide a four-lane carriageway 40 km long between the F3 Interchange at Newcastle and the New England Highway at Branxton, New South Wales Australia. It is due to be opened by the end of 2013. The Hunter Expressway Alliance (HEA), comprising Roads and Maritime Services (RMS), Thiess Pty Ltd, Parsons Brinckerhoff and Hyder Consulting, is constructing the eastern section consisting of 13 km of new freeway and local road adjustments. There are 23 bridges and major culvert structures. This paper describes the foundation design challenges of bridge No. 18 at Buchanan Interchange. In particular, it will discuss foundation design constraints from the bridge structure, 5 m high embankment on soft compressible ground and its impact on pile design, construction constraints and monitoring, and pile testing.
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Effect of anisotropy on the bearing capacity and deformation of sand
Although the effect of anisotropy on soil behavior due to the parallel alignment of particles remains a subject of great interest, studying its effects on load deformation behavior of stabilized sand has yet to be undertaken. Therefore, this paper presents a study of the behaviour of a laboratory footing model, supported on anisotropic cemented sand, considering two relative densities and three cement contents. The initial anisotropy was induced by preparing samples with different orientations of the bedding plane Ξ± (from 0Β° to 90Β°). The results show a strong effect of anisotropy, wherein the ultimate pressure of untreated sand took place when Ξ± = 0Β° while the minimum value was achieved at Ξ±=60Β° & 75Β° for loose and dense sand respectively. Cementation results in clear elimination of variation in bearing capacities, and this significant reduction in anisotropy is accompanied by much improvement in ultimate bearing capacity and stiffness. However, soils with Ξ± in the range of 60Β°β90Β° still exhibit some little anisotropic behaviour.
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An Example Of Qualitative & Semi-quantitative Landslide Risk Management For An Individual Lot In The Wollongong Area
In the year 2000, the Landslide Risk Management (LRM) sub-committee of the Australia Geomechanics Society (AGS) produced a landmark paper on concepts and guidelines (AGS, 2000). This paper was a significant update of a 1985 paper which itself had introduced the concept of risk of instability of slopes.
In addition to providing a detailed introduction to LRM concepts, the paper (AGS, 2000) introduced both quantitative and qualitative risk assessment methods for the assessment of risk of instability. An example was provided for the assessment of risk for property from slope instability by qualitative means in Appendix G of the AGS paper.
This paper demonstrates an application of the methods in the AGS paper for a hypothetical site proposed for residential development in the Wollongong region. The approach adopted demonstrates how the LRM methodology (AGS, 2000) can be applied as a tool to assist the judgement of experienced geotechnical practitioners in appraising the extent of risk and the management of that risk as might be required.
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Numerical simulation in underground construction β what are the benefits and how can we trust the results?
Emeritus Professor Gernot Beer
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Trees: A root cause of rockfall
This paper discusses the general processes by which trees cause damage to rock slopes. It discusses the actions of root elongation, which can cause root jacking, and trunk expansion. It discusses research aimed at establishing a relationship between root diameter and the forces applied by roots. The results of this research are inconclusive and at this stage provide little useful information for local geotechnical design purposes. It is concluded that, in general, trees should be removed from bare rock slopes adjacent to public infrastructure where there is greater than a moderate risk associated with rockfalls unless other measures are taken to reduce the risk (e.g. rockfall fence or mesh).
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Sampling and laboratory testing of Ballina Clay
This paper discusses some topics related to the sampling and laboratory testing currently ongoing on Ballina clay (NSW). Emphasis is made on particular aspects of natural soft clays frequently neglected in laboratory procedures that may affect its mechanical response. Preliminary results are shown to highlight the importance of sample disturbance, salinity and rate effects in Ballina clay. Ongoing research as well as future activities are discussed in the last section of the paper. Implications for the current state of practice as well as the development of new constitutive models for soft clays are highlighted.
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Deep Basements In Melbourne Siltstone
With the growth in renewal of city developments, basements in the Melbourne CBD environs are getting deeper in response to limitations imposed on building heights, surface infrastructure and space constraints, and planning scheme controls. Increasingly, many sites are being re-developed in close proximity to heritage listed or movement sensitive assets, hence the performance of ground retention systems in controlling displacements is of paramount importance. Because of the cost premium of below ground works, construction of deep basements is a significant consideration in any project costing and economic imperatives are driving alternative design solutions, but what are the risks?